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“Keep your eyes on the road” is sound advice for safe driving but knowing what’s behind your vehicle is just as important. To let drivers see the rear without turning their heads, mirrors have long been standard features and, increasingly with technology, cameras too.
In the very early days of the automotive era when traffic was on single-track and two-lane roads, there was no need for rear visibility. The earliest use of a rear-view mirror was by Ray Harroun on a race car in 1911, but the first to patent it as a device was Elmer Berger a decade later and he named it the “cop spotter.” From there, mirrors were considered add-on accessories until they were widely adopted by carmakers as a necessary feature in the mid to late 1960s. This was when having a rear view became part of regulation for vehicle safety as roads became wider and led to highways, freeways and expressways. It took two more decades for passenger-side mirrors to be introduced in vehicles to improve the driver’s view and reduce blind spots.
In recent years, cameras have been added to rear-view monitoring technology, increasing a driver’s field of vision to the area below the rear window and trunk. They eliminate blind spots that can cause accidents when changing lanes, overtaking, parking and reversing, and do away with visual obstructions from passengers, pets and cargo in the back seat. Another advantage is flexibility not just to adjust the viewing angle but, unlike mirrors, also to pan and tilt.
There are currently two types on the market – the rear-view camera and the backup or reversing camera. These terms are used rather confusingly and can lead to wrong purchasing decisions.
The rear-view camera can be turned on any time to see what’s behind the vehicle. It’s usually bundled with a front-facing or mirror dash cam or rear-view mirror camera and can be wired DIY or with professional help. For longer vehicles, there are wireless versions that solve the difficult wiring involved but are more expensive. These cameras can be mounted high up on any surface for a commanding view, especially for larger vehicles, or flush through a hole in the vehicle body or license plate for a road-level view.
The backup camera differs as it is automatically turned on when the car is put in reverse. Its key advantage is in preventing back over crashes that can result in injury or property damage. Since May 2018, all vehicles manufactured for the US must have this camera. Based on statistics from the US Department of Transportation’s National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, about 50 children are hit by reversing cars every week, with two resulting in fatal injuries. Most victims are between the ages of 12 and 23 months.
The use of backup cameras also makes parking and maneuvering in tight spots easier and safer. Most offer on-screen parking guides, commonly two parallel lines, while others also provide a middle line to help drivers center vehicles in parking slots. There are also backup cameras integrated with sensors that send a warning signal, which may be a light and/or sound, when an object is detected.
In some vehicles, a 360-degree camera system is installed as part of the package or as an option. This consists of four exterior cameras that provide an overhead picture, which is why it’s also called a bird’s eye view system.
For older vehicle models with no built-in car rear-view cameras or backup cameras, there are many choices in the aftermarket, which can be bought separately or as part of a complete set that includes a transmitter and a display.






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